First-lineKeppra

Levetiracetam

SV2A synaptic vesicle modulator antiepileptic

Alternative first-line AED in pregnancy — clean interaction profile.

OralIV

First-line for

  • Focal/generalised epilepsy in pregnancy
  • Status epilepticus (second-line)

Mechanism

Binds SV2A on presynaptic vesicles → modulates neurotransmitter release across excitatory synapses.

"Keppra = kind pregnancy, kind interactions"

  • Renal clearance rises ~60% in pregnancy — expect dose ↑
  • Watch behavioural side effects (Keppra rage)
  • IV = PO 1:1

Dosing

Start
250–500 mg BD; titrate to 1000–3000 mg/day
Pregnancy
Check levels each trimester; may need 25–50% dose ↑
Status epilepticus
60 mg/kg IV over 10 min (max 4.5 g)

Contraindications

  • CautionSevere renal impairment — dose reduce

Side effects

  • Behavioural (irritability, depression, 'Keppra rage')
  • Somnolence, fatigue
  • Headache
  • Rare pancytopenia

Fetal & maternal notes

  • MCM rate ~2.4% (Encomora 2018) — comparable to background
  • Preferred for women considering pregnancy alongside lamotrigine

Key interactions

  • No CYP interactions

    OK

    Safe with COC, warfarin, DOACs

Clinical pearls

  • 💡 Excellent choice for polypharmacy patients
  • 💡 IV/PO switch 1:1 makes labour management easy

Content last reviewed: REPLACE_ME (e.g. 2026-07)

Spotted something out of date? See our disclaimer or use Report an Error above.

For educational use only

Not medical advice. Verify dosing against the BNF and your local trust guidelines before prescribing.