First-lineImuran

Azathioprine

Purine antimetabolite

IBD / SLE / transplant — compatible in pregnancy.

Oral

First-line for

  • IBD maintenance in pregnancy
  • SLE / vasculitis maintenance
  • Post-transplant immunosuppression

Mechanism

Prodrug → 6-MP → inhibits purine synthesis → ↓ lymphocyte proliferation.

AZA pregnancy

  • Continue (placenta lacks inosinate pyrophosphorylase)
  • Check TPMT before starting

Dosing

Maintenance
1–2.5 mg/kg/day PO

Contraindications

  • AbsoluteTPMT deficiency (severe myelosuppression)

Side effects

  • Marrow suppression
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • ↑ skin malignancy risk long-term

Fetal & maternal notes

  • Compatible pregnancy & breastfeeding (transfer minimal).
  • Continue to avoid disease flare.

Key interactions

  • Allopurinol

    Avoid

    Massive ↑ AZA toxicity — reduce dose 75%

  • ACEi

    Caution

    Anaemia

Clinical pearls

  • 💡 FBC monitoring weekly initially.
  • 💡 Mycophenolate must be swapped pre-conception.

Content last reviewed: REPLACE_ME (e.g. 2026-07)

Spotted something out of date? See our disclaimer or use Report an Error above.

For educational use only

Not medical advice. Verify dosing against the BNF and your local trust guidelines before prescribing.